This proposal aims at gaining a better understanding of the present-day structure of the lithosphere beneath the Atlas Mountains in North Africa. The Atlas is an intracontinental mountain belt that extends over 2000 km from the Atlantic to the Mediterranean through Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia in North Africa. It comprises the High and Middle Atlas in Morocco, the Saharan Atlas and Aurès Mountains in Algeria, and the Tunisian Atlas, presenting a strong longitudinal asymmetry. The Atlas System was developed by combination of lithospheric thinning and crustal shortening that resulted, since late Cretaceous, from the still-ongoing convergence of the African plate relative to Eurasia. A remarkable lithospheric thinning has been described below the Atlas, linked to mantle convective dynamics. The uplift of the Atlas and the adjacent plateaus has been caused both by crustal shortening and mantle upraise, although the chronology of both mechanisms is still poorly constrained. The lithospheric structure of North Africa has been the target of various geophysical studies at continental and global scales over the last few decades. At a regional scale, several studies have been developed to explore and define the deep structure of the Atlas Mountain belt mostly beneath Morocco. However, although much progress has been made, the present knowledge of the North African lithospheric structure is still uneven and additional analysis is necessary to unravel its main properties. The main challenge of the present proposal is to use data from new and existing seismic stations to develop a self-consistent model of the crustal and upper mantle structure of the entire Atlas mountain belt, from the westernmost part in the Atlantic Ocean to its easternmost end in Tunisia.